In the current wall building process, new wall materials are mainly selected Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks This skill has been widely used.

This kind of data is mainly used in the construction of frame structure, which has replaced the data of clay solid brick masonry. This kind of data takes cement, lime, gypsum, river sand as the original data, and uses aluminum powder foaming, molding, autoclave and other processes to make microporous block wall data.

This kind of new technology has stricter quality requirements than the previous concrete block technology, and needs to discuss its quality control methods and key points more deeply.

I Selection of construction data

The crack is Aerated concrete block The common quality problem of the wall is closely related to the shortening of the aerated concrete block data itself.

Therefore, it is necessary to select blocks with small drying shrinkage value. Generally speaking, the higher the density of raw materials used, the smaller the drying shrinkage value will be. In consideration of this condition, the thermal conductivity of blocks also needs to be considered.

When selecting data, consider the difference between raw materials and production skills. The dry shortening value of products from different manufacturers is different. In order to ensure production quality, it is better to select products with sophisticated skills, stable quality and good maintenance when selecting data.

II Operation method of construction skills

1. Relevant arrangement drawing of block fabrication

The placement plan of aerated concrete blocks is not made before construction, which results in the short lap length of upper and lower blocks in some parts, while the strength grade of masonry mortar used for infilled walls is low. If reinforcement mesh is not added as required during construction, the wall will be shortened, resulting in axial tension, and straight cracks along the tooth seam.

Therefore, before building the wall, it is required to make the placement drawing according to the characteristics of the engineering drawing, its requirements, and the module and size of the block. Together, 40 to 60 days after the block leaves the factory, it can be mounted on the wall until its volume no longer changes. It is also necessary to consider the up and down staggered joints of the block. For this, it is required to make the lap length more than 1/3 of the block length, more than 150 mm. If the lapping length of three pieces of the same part cannot meet the above requirements, it is required to place 26 bars in the monthly horizontal gap, and the length of both ends of the bar is required to exceed the straight seam by 350 mm.

2. Set relevant concrete guide wall

For the problem of setting concrete guide wall at the bottom of the wall:

(1) The walls built on the ground floor (except the basement) need to be set with concrete walls. Because the building on the ground floor has higher requirements on the strength of the wall foot, the impermeability of the wall, and the durability of the house;

(2) For multi-storey buildings (not high-rise buildings), it is also better to set concrete guide walls above the second floor, which is conducive to consistent elevation and can effectively waterproof during construction;

(3) For high-rise building, the concrete guide wall will increase the weight of the wall, which is not conducive to the stability of the building structure, so the guide wall cannot be set.

3. Influence of water content on the upper wall of block

The water content of the block has a serious impact on the upper wall: take aerated concrete block as an example, its porosity is large, and it can absorb a lot of water.

If the block is not allowed to fully absorb water and wet before plastering during construction, it will absorb a lot of water from the plastering mortar, which will make the mud hydration of the mortar impossible, resulting in poor strength of the plastering mortar.

Therefore, before building the wall, it is necessary to make the block absorb water to fully wet its surface. In addition, if the water content of the block is too large, it will lead to the volume reduction of the block after water loss, resulting in cracks and gaps on the wall.

Therefore, the water content of the block shall not exceed 15%. Special attention shall be paid to concealing the block when working in rainy days. When the rainfall is more than light rain, masonry shall be stopped and the built exterior wall shall be concealed to prevent rainwater immersion. The blocks shall enter the construction site 7 days in advance and be placed indoors, so that the moisture content of the blocks and the outdoor atmosphere reach the approximate balance of the exterior wall wetted by rain. Wall plastering can be carried out after the moisture content of the blocks and the outdoor atmosphere are roughly balanced.

4. Requirements for mortar fullness

During construction, the mortar fullness also has certain requirements. The fullness of mortar joints of masonry is controlled at more than 80%, and the thickness of mortar joints is usually 812mm. If the adhesive is used for dry operation, the thickness of mortar joints shall be 35mm. When laying each brick, all mortar joints shall be compacted with raw mortar, and the concave joints shall be 13mm.

During the overall masonry operation, the mortar of the vertical joints shall be plumped by "squeezing method", "grouting method" and other methods. The masonry, joint filling and pointing operations shall be carried out together. The more important thing is to deal with the joints between the frame and the blocks.

After the block of the upper layer is processed, the secondary pointing of the interlayer pointing is required. After the wall structure is stable, it is required to use red bricks for oblique masonry, and top up the frame beams and blocks. The gap between them can also be filled with fine aggregate concrete (containing expansion agent).

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